For a long time, philanthropy was the sole expression of its donors’ values and charitable intents. Philanthropy was considered valuable insofar it helped to fund important social needs through generous private donations. However, with the growth and modernization of the philanthropic sector, many problems have surfaced with this ‘traditional’ approach in terms of effectiveness, accountability, and legitimacy. Today, a growing number of experts and managers call for a “strategic” philanthropy. What do they mean by that? How can donors and philanthropic advisers craft an effective strategy to channel their funds? How should fundraisers and beneficiaries deal with these new practices?